Tool-driver.



W. F. FRASER.

TOOL DRIVER.

APPLICATION FILED MC. 8. 1914.

Patented Oct. 16, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOKi WARREN F. FRASER ATT R Y W. F. FRASER.

TOOLDRIVER.

APPLICATION FILED 020,8. I914. hw flwi Patented 0ct.16,1917.

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INVEN QR= WARREN F. FRASE so are disposed on a single element so that the train srarns naainnrorrron.

WARREN IE. FRASER, OF DOBCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

' TOOL-DRIVER.

intense.

To all whom it mag concern: Be t known that I, WARREN F. FRASER,

. a subject of George V, King of Great Britair is directed against a rotor operatively connected with a tool spindle to impart rotation thereto. I I a I The tool illustrated in my present invention is especially designed for use upon piano actions and the like where the screws to be set are adjacently disposed in a line across the action. In this class of work the tool is held in one hand and the screws may be set with the other hand so that a series of screws may be successively positioned and rapidly driven. The positive control of the impelling agentwhich rotates the tool spindle is of the utmost importance in thisclass of work. Where a screw is inaccurately started it mustbe instantly withdrawn and properly restarted. This involves changing the direction of'impact of the impelling agent to reverse the rotor and instantaneously retract the screw. The speed I u with .whiclilthe tool spindle may be reversed to withdraw insteadof continuing to drive the screw is dependent upon the responsiveness of the controlling element forthe impelling agent to a positive manipulation. Inasmuch as the nature of the work requires the free use of both hands in the manipulation of the tool, it is desired that the effective directions of. fluid impact upon the rotor shall be capable of instant control from a single control element and that this element shall be located in conveniently operable position relative to the hands, so as to permit ready and positive ad uStment thereof without removing the hands from the tool.

It is furthermoreimportant that the rotation of the. parts be imparted or caused to cease instantly. Itherefore provide a rotor unit in which opposed sets of buckets reverse impulse not only effects the reverse Tothe end therefore of providing a tool o th ature 1 have'devi'secl my present Specification of LettersPatent. Patqgntgfl Oct, 165 1917, Application filed. December 8, 1914. Serial No. 876,126. l

invention. The tool of this invention is characterized bythe fact that the impelling agent is controlled from a single reversible control element positioned in conveniently operable relation to the hand of the opera tive. This permitschange of the direction of drive by simple reversal of the control element without necessitating removal of thehands from the tool. .Provision is also made for reducing the speed and increasing the power of the drive from the rotor to the tool spindle. These and .other features which will appear more fully hereinafter are secured invention.

The construction and operation of myinvention will be. more fully disclosed in the specification which follows. In the drawings forming apart of that specification in the tool of the present T have shown a form of tool which is in Fig. 3is a side view of the rotor unit and associated parts, the casing being omitted. Figs. 4: and 5 are detail sections on the lines 41- 4 and 5-5 respectively of Fig. 2.

Figs. 6, and 8 are detail views of the chuck Figs. 6 and 7 being sections at right angles to each other andFig. 8 being an elevation.

Fig. ,9 is a detail view ofthe' detent for holding a tool in the chuck, and

Fig. 1O is an elevation of one of the tools.

I- have indicated at 1 acasing, in the form of a band having its ends detachably connected witheach other by any suitable connection. The casing has a removable sub stantially fluid tight fit upon the head of the tool. This head consists of a pair of spaced annular cover plates 3 removably connected with each other by a plurality of bolts 4. The opposed faces of the plates 3 have each an annular shoulder 5 against which the casing 1 is removably seated. The plates 3 and easing 1 therefore define a substantially fluid tight chamber in which the rotor unit and associated parts are located.

The rotor unit consists of a single rotor element mounted Within the casing on-a shaft 6 j ournaled in'the plates 3. Therotor has a pair of adjacent peripheral serles of fluid impact elements or buckets 7 and- 8 disposed in co-axial relation to each other. Thebuclrets of one series are set at opposite angles to the buckets of the adjacent series. The rotor unit is rotated in one direction or the other by delivering an elastic fluid agent, preferably compressed air, against one or the otherof these bucket series. The

arrangement-is such that air may be directed against either bucket series to impart to the rotor. its initial directive tendency. The "rotor is reversed by simply shuttmg off the air to the bucket'series initially driving and directing theair against the initially ineffective series to cause'that series to assume the drive and rotate the rotor in a direction a pears to the initial direction of rotation. Thisisefiected by an arrangement of air jets[whichselectively deliver the air to either bucket series according to the direc tion 1n which it is desired to rotate the rotor.

. The admission of air to these jets is controlled by a pair of valves Which in turn are subject to a single control element; conveniently disposed so that it may be :manipulated Without removing the hands from the tool.

In the tool illustrated I haveshovvn the rotor asdriven from-two pairs of 010190- sitely: directing jets 9' and '10 and 11 and 12 all connecting With a. single intake. The jet pipes 9and 12 are arranged at opposite sides of the rotor 111a suitably covered v casing 13 7 carried by one of the plates 3 and have each an exposed delivery end in proximity to a bucket series. The pipes 10 and 11 cross each other Within the casing 13 and between the pipes '9 and 12 and have their exposed delivery ends each directingagainst a bucket series. The jets 9 and 10 therefore constitute a couple delivering in a common direction to rotate the rotor in one direction and thejets ll 'andllQ constitute a couple delivering in the opposite direction to rotate the rotor in reverse direction. The compressed air or other supplied to these jets by means of an intake pipe 13 connecting With any suitable source of supply and delivering into a common chamber, le Within'thecasing 13. The pas sage oftheair from the chamber 14 is controlled hyapair ofvalves 15 normallysealmg pair of air passages 16 and normally held against their seats by a pair of springs 17 interposed between the valves and the up-- per plate j I The passages 16 are simply holes, bored through a pair of castings 18 threaded into g the casing 1-3;

Thepassages 16 connect each With separate air conduit 19-20 cored into the casing elastic fluid is 13 by means of a plurality of lateral ports 21 drilled through the Walls of the castings 1 8. Each conduit opens up into a separate chamber 21'22 with which the whereby it is rockinglym'ounted in bearing 2'7 on-one of the plates 8, The contact element 25 s normally disposed in horizontal non-conta'ctlng position relative to the valve stems23. When itis desired to impart rota'tio'n to the'rotor the cont'act element is rocked onj its pivot to cause its head to depress the proper valve stem against the tension of its spring 17 and unseat its valve 15.

Tl iis permits air to pass to the chamber 21'22 which that particular valve controls and from thence through the jet pair connecting w th SELlCl chamber to the particular bucket series driven from that jet pair. The

contact head is held in the position to which 7 it is rocked as long as it is desired to rotate the rotorin thatparticular direction. When it is-desired to reverse the rotor, the contact element is rocked in the opposite direction to releasethe stem initially depressed and depress the other stem, thereby closing the jet'pair initially Je-ilective and a dmittin air to the jet pair heretofore inefi'ective. I This causes the bucket series agaii'ist Whi'ch said last named jet pair delivers to assume the drive and reverse the rotor. a These rocking movements of the contact element may be. conveniently 'efiected by means of an operating stem-28 connected thereto and projecting through an elongated slot 29 in one of'the plates 3. 'The stem 28 may carry a ring Beat its free end which the index finger of one hand may be engaged to-zp'ositiyely rock the contact element and hold it in the position to Which it is rocked While the tool is held with the remaining fingers and thumb of that hand. This leaves the other hand i'ree'to set the screw being driven.

The rotor is opera tive'ly connected with the tool spindle 31 in any suitable manner. This connection may conveniently be effected by a series oi -gears between "the rotor shaft 6 and the tool spindle; The rotor shafthas a pinion 32 which meshesfwith a large gear 33 on a1coun-ter-sha:tt 3l-journaled in the plates The rotation of the shaft '34: is transmitted to a third shaft 35 journaled in ll C the plates 3 by a pinion 36 on said shaft 34:"

meshing vyith a large gear 57 on the shaft 35. The rotation of the shaft 35 is transmitted to the tool spindle by a pinion 38 on said shaft meshing with a large gear rigidly mounted on the tool spindle. The gear train .33, 36, 37 and 38 acts to reduce the speed of the spindle and increasethe power of the drive.

Obviously this gear train might be dis pensed with if desiredwithout departing from the spirit of this. invention, and the spindlemight be driven by simply placing the pinion 32 on the rotor shaft in such a position as to mesh with the gear 39 on the tool spindle. The tool spindle 31 is journaled at each end in suitable thrust bearings 31 and is incased within a sleeve 40 integral s to one of the plates 3.. The upper end of the spindle is enlarged as indicated at 41 to provide a chuck. This enlargement has an axial bore 41 in which different tools may be inserted. A screw 42 set flush in a hole let in the enlarged end of the spindle serves to secure one endof a spring 43 for yieldingly urging a detent 4A, to which the, other end of the spring is secured, into locking engagement with an annular groove 45in a tool 46. in a saw cut 47 connecting the screw. 4-2 and detent 44:. flattened on two sides as indicated at 47?.00 enable it to shoulder in a slot 48. 1

A lateral bore 48. intersects the axial bore 41 at its lower end. The flattenedportions 47 of the tool 46 fit snugly in this. bore 48 so as to couplethejtooljto rotate with the spindle.

lnuse the intake connection: 13 is connected by mcans of a flexible tube or the like with a source of compressed air or other elastic fluid. The fluid is admitted to the casing 13 and passes through one pair or the other of the two pairs of jet pipes, according to which valve is opened, and delivers against one of the two bucket series. This rotates the rotor and this rotation is trans mitted to the tool spindle through the series of gears described to rotate the tool spindle in the same direction as the rotor is rotating. This direction of rotation is maintained so long as the valve stem initially depressed by the contact element is held down. When it is desired to stop the rotor, the contact element is released and the spring of that valve stem which was depressed exerts its tension to return the valve stem to normal position,

thus seating the valve and closing that particular jet pair. When it is desired to reverse the direction of rotation, as where a screw is to be withdrawn, the control element is rocked in the opposite direction to open the previously closed valve and close the previously opened valve. This cuts ofi the air to the jet pair initially delivering and diverts it to the other jet pair, thereby operating upon the previously ineffective bucket series and reversing the rotor. This reversal is effected practically instantly and The body of the-spring 4L3 lies The inner end of the tool 46 is ventionin its application to the driving and removal of screws it will be understood that I do not limit myself to this or any other application but reserve the right to use the invention in any capacity where it would satisfactorily perform its intended func tions.

Various modifications in the form and construction of the tool may obviously be resorted to if within the limits of the appended claims. v

What I therefore claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A device of the class described comprising a casing, a tool spindle rotatably mounted therein, a rotor element operatively connected to said spindle havinga pair of opposite bucket series, a pair of oppositely directing jets disposed for delivery in the path movement.

2. In a driver of the class described, a reversely rotatable tool spindle, a rotor therefor having a pair of oppositely efiective bucket series, a pair of jets disposed for delivery in the path of one bucket series, a pair of oppositelydirecting jets disposed for delivery in the path of the other bucket series, a casing having an air intake and a pair of air passages independently connecting each with a pair of jets, a pair of valves controlling said passages, and a single reversible control disposed in operating contact relation to the stems of said valve and operable upon one valve in one direction of its movement and upon the other valve in the opposite direction of its movement.

3. In a driver of the class described, a reversibly rotatable tool spindle, a rotor there for having a pair of oppositely effective bucket series, a speed reducing gearing operatively connecting said rotor and spindle, a pair of jets disposed for delivery in the path of one bucket series, a pair of oppositely directing jets disposed for delivery in the path of the other bucket series, a casing having an air intake and a pair of air passages independently connecting each with a pair of jets, a pair of valves controlling said passages,'and a single reversible control disposed in operating contact relation to the stems of said valve and operable upon one valve in one direction of. its movement and upon the other valve in the opposite direction of its movement.

4;. In a driver of the class described, a reversibly rotatable tool spindle, a rotor therefor having a pair. of oppositely effective bucket ser1es, a series of oppositely directing jets disposed for delivery in the path of a the other stem in the opposite direction of its movement. r

J 5. In a driver of the class described, a rotatable tool spindle, a reversible rotor there for, an air intake, an air delivery for: rotating the rotor in one direction and an independent 'air delivery for reversing the rotor a pair of valves normally closing said deliveries, and a reversible control for selectively opening either valve.

6. Ina driver of the class described, a rotatable tool spindle, a reversible rotor therefor, an air intake, an air delivery for re Oopiescf this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Batents tating the rotor in one 'direction and an independent air delivery for reversing the rotor, a casing having a common chamber with which said intake connects, a pair of valves controlling said chamber and each connectingwith a delivery, and a reversible control eflectiveupon one valve in one 'direction of its movement and efiective upon the other valve in the opposite direction of its movement. I

'7. Ina driver of the class described, a rotatable tool spindle, a reversible rotor therefor, an air intake, a pair of air deliveries, one efiective to rotate the rotor in one direction and the other effective to reverse thejrotor, a casing having an air chamber with which said intake connects and having a pair of air passages leading from said chamber and'terminating each in a delivery chamberwith each of which an air delivery connects, a pair of valves con-, trolling each an air passage, andv a single control element reversibly mounted in selective controlling relation to said valves and efi'ective upon one valve in one direction of its movement and'upon the other valve in the opposite direction of its movement.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses. I

1 WARREN F. FRASER. Witnesses: p r

VIoToRIA LowDEN, AGNES V. OOONNELL'.

Washington, D. C. 

